Journal of Hand Therapy
Volume 18, Issue 1 , Pages 10-18 , January 2005

Analysis of the statistical methods used to detect submaximal effort with the five-rung grip strength test

  • Orit Shechtman, PhD, OTR/L

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to Orit Shechtman, PhD, OTR/L, Department of Occupational Therapy, Box 100164, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.

References 

  1. Hamilton-Fairfax A, Balnave R, Adams R. Review of sincerity of effort testing. Safety Sci. 1995;25:237–245
  2. King PM. Analysis of approaches to detection of sincerity of effort through grip strength measurement. Work. 1998;10:9–13
  3. Lechner DE, Bradbury SF, Bradley LA. Detecting sincerity of effort: a summary of methods and approaches. Phys Ther. 1998;78:867–888
  4. Shechtman O. Using the coefficient of variation to detect sincerity of effort of grip strength a literature review. J Hand Ther. 2000;13:25–32
  5. Shechtman O, Taylor C. The use of the rapid exchange grip test in detecting sincerity of effort, Part II: validity of the test. J Hand Ther. 2000;13:203–210
  6. Taylor C, Shechtman O. The use of the rapid exchange grip test in detecting sincerity of effort, Part I: administration of the test. J Hand Ther. 2000;13:195–202
  7. Hildreth DH, Breidenbach WC, Lister GD, Hodges AD. Detection of submaximal effort by use of the rapid exchange grip. J Hand Surg [Am]. 1989;14:742–745
  8. Joughin K, Gulati P, Mackinnon SE, et al. An evaluation of rapid exchange and simultaneous grip tests. J Hand Surg [Am]. 1993;18:245–252
  9. Stokes HM, Landrieu KW, Domangue B, Kunen S. Identification of low-effort patients through dynamometry. J Hand Surg [Am]. 1995;20:1047–1056
  10. Stokes HM. The seriously uninjured hand—weakness of grip. J Occup Med. 1983;25:683–684
  11. Niebuhr BR, Marion R. Detecting sincerity of effort when measuring grip strength. Am J Phys Med. 1987;66:16–24
  12. Niebuhr BR, Marion R. Voluntary control of submaximal grip strength. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1990;69:96–101
  13. Goldman S, Cahalan TD, An KN. The injured upper extremity and the JAMAR five-handle position grip test. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1991;70:306–308
  14. Niebuhr BR, Marion R, Hasson SM. Electromyographic analysis of effort in grip strength assessment. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1993;33:149–156
  15. Hoffmaster E, Lech R, Niebuhr BR. Consistency of sincere and feigned grip exertions with repeated testing. J Occup Med. 1993;35:788–794
  16. Niebuhr BR. Detecting submaximal grip exertions of variable effort by electromyography. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1996;36:113–120
  17. Tredgett M, Pimble LJ, Davis TR. The detection of feigned hand weakness using the five position grip strength test. J Hand Surg [Br]. 1999;24:426–428
  18. Dvir Z. Coefficient of variation in maximal and feigned static and dynamic grip efforts. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;78:216–221
  19. Hamilton-Fairfax A, Balnave R, Adams R. Variability of grip strength during isometric contraction. Ergonomics. 1995;38:1819–1830
  20. Robinson ME, Geisser ME, Hanson CS, O'Connor PD. Detecting submaximal efforts in grip strength testing with the coefficient of variation. J Occup Rehabil. 1993;3:45–50
  21. Shechtman O. Is the coefficient of variation a valid measure for detecting sincerity of effort of grip strength?. Work. 1999;13:163–169
  22. Shechtman O. The coefficient of variation as a measure of sincerity of effort of grip strength. Part II: sensitivity and specificity. J Hand Ther. 2001;14:188–194
  23. Shechtman O. The coefficient of variation as a measure of sincerity of effort of grip strength. Part I: the statistical principle. J Hand Ther. 2001;14:180–187
  24. Gutierrez Z, Shechtman O. Effectiveness of the five-handle position grip strength test in detecting sincerity of effort in men and women. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;82:847–855
  25. Fess EE. A method for checking Jamar dynamometer calibration. J Hand Ther. 1987;1:28–32
  26. Fess EE. Grip Strength. 2nd ed.. Chicago: American Society of Hand Therapists; 1992;
  27. Portney LG, Watkins MP. Foundations of clinical research, applications to practice. Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange; 2000;

 Reprints are not available.

PII: S0894-1130(04)00269-8

doi: 10.1197/j.jht.2004.10.004

Journal of Hand Therapy
Volume 18, Issue 1 , Pages 10-18 , January 2005

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution